ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY

2014 Scheme

Subject Code: 14CHE12/14CHE22

IA Marks: 25

Hours/Week: 04

Exam. Hours: 03

Total Hours: 50

Exam. Marks: 100

Module – 1

Electrochemistry and Battery Technology :

Electrochemistry: Introduction, Derivation of Nernst equation for electrode potential. Types of electrodes: metal-metal ion, metal-metal salt ion, gas, amalgam, redox & ion selective. Reference electrodes: Introduction; construction, working and applications of calomel and Ag / AgCl electrodes. Measurement of standard electrode potential using calomel electrode. Construction and working of glass electrode, determination of pH using glass electrode. Concentration cells: Electrode & Electrolyte, numerical problems on electrolyte concentration cells.

Battery Technology: Introduction, classification - primary, secondary and reserve batteries. Characteristics - cell potential, current, capacity, electricity storage density, energy efficiency,   cycle life and shelf life. Construction, working and applications of Zinc-Air, Nickel- metal hydride batteries. Lithium batteries: Introduction, Li-MnO and Li-ion batteries.

Fuel Cells: Introduction, difference between conventional cell and fuel cell, limitations & advantages. Classification of fuel cells based on temperature, fuel and electrolyte; construction & working of methanol-oxygen fuel cell with H2SO4 electrolyte. 10 Hours

Module – 2

Corrosion and Metal Finishing :

Corrosion : Introduction, electrochemical theory of corrosion, galvanic series.

Factors affecting the rate of corrosion: ratio of anodic to cathodic areas, polarization of anodic & cathodic regions, nature of metal, nature of corrosion product, nature of medium – pH, conductivity, and temperature. Types  of  corrosion- Differential  metal ,  differential aeration(Pitting  and water  line) and stress (caustic embrittlement in  boilers).Corrosion control: Design and selection of materials, inorganic coatings-Anodizing of Al and phosphating, metal coatings-Galvanization and Tinning. Cathodic protection (sacrificial anodic and impressed current methods).

Metal Finishing: Introduction, Technological importance. Electroplating: Introduction, principles governing-Polarization, decomposition potential and overvoltage. Factors influencing the nature of electro deposit-current density, concentration of metal salt, metal ion & electrolyte; pH, temperature & throwing power of plating bath, additives-complexing agents, brighteners, levellers, structure modifiers & wetting agents. Electroplating of chromium and gold (acidic cyanide bath). Electro less plating: Introduction, distinction between electroplating and electro less plating, electro less plating of copper & manufacture of double sided Printed Circuit Board with copper. 10 Hours

Module – 3

Fuels and Solar Energy :

Fuels: Introduction, classification, calorific value- gross and net calorific values, determination of calorific value of fuel using bomb calorimeter, numerical problems. Cracking: Introduction, fluidized catalytic cracking, synthesis of petrol by Fishcher-Tropsch process, reformation of petrol, octane and cetane numbers. Gasoline and diesel knocking and their mechanism, anti knocking agents, unleaded petrol, power alcohol, biodiesel & biogas.

Solar Energy: Introduction, utilization and conversion, photovoltaic cells- importance, construction and working. Design: modules, panels & arrays. Advantages & disadvantages of PV cells. Silicon-physical & chemical properties relevant to photovoltaics, production of solar grade silicon(union carbide process), doping of silicon-diffusion technique (n&p types) and purification of silicon(zone refining). 10 Hours

Module – 4

Polymers :

Introduction, types of polymerization: addition and condensation, mechanism of polymerization- free radical mechanism taking vinyl chloride as an example. Molecular  weight  of  polymers:  number  average  and  weight  average, numerical problems. Glass transition temperature (Tg): Factors influencing Tg-Flexibility, inter molecular forces, molecular mass, branching & cross linking,  and  stereo  regularity.  Significance  of Tg. Structure  property relationship: crystallinity, tensile strength, elasticity, plastic deformation & chemical resistivity. Synthesis, properties and applications of PMMA (plexi glass), Teflon, Polyurethane and polycarbonate. Elastomers: Introduction, synthesis,  properties  and  applications  of  Silicone  rubber. Adhesives: Introduction, synthesis, properties and applications of epoxy resin. Polymer Composites: Introduction, synthesis, properties and applications of kevlar and carbon fiber. Conducting polymers: Introduction, mechanism of conduction in Polyaniline and applications of conducting polyaniline. 10 Hours

Module – 5

Water Technology and Nanomaterials :

Water Technology: Introduction, sources and impurities of water; boiler feed water, boiler troubles with disadvantages -scale and sludge formation, priming and foaming, boiler corrosion(due to dissolved O2 , CO2 and  MgCl2 ). Determination of DO, BOD and COD, numerical problems. Sewage treatment: Primary, secondary (activated sludge method) and tertiary methods. Softening of water by ion exchange process. Desalination of sea water by reverse osmosis & electrodialysis (ion selective)..

Nano Materials : Introduction, properties (size dependent). Synthesis-bottom up approach (sol-gel, precipitation, gas condensation, chemical vapour condensation, hydro thermal & thermolysis processes). Nano scale materials- nano crystals & clusters, nano crystalline, fullerenes, carbon nano tubes, nano wires, nano rods, dendrimers & nano composites. 10 Hours

Course Outcomes:

On completion of this course, students will have knowledge in:
• Types of electrodes, electrochemical and concentration cells. Classical & modern batteries and fuel cells.
• Causes & effects of corrosion of metals and control of corrosion. Modification of surface properties of metals to develop resistance to corrosion, wear, tear, impact etc. by electroplating and electro less plating.
•    Production & consumption of energy for industrialization of country and living standards of people. Utilization of solar energy for different useful forms of energy.
• Replacement  of  conventional  materials  by  polymers  for  various applications.
• Boiler troubles; sewage treatment and desalination of sea water, and
• Over viewing of synthesis, properties and applications of nanomaterials.

Scheme of examination:

• Two full questions (with a maximum of four sub questions) of twenty marks each to be set from each module. Each question should cover all contents of the respective module.
• Students have to answer five full questions choosing one full question from each module.

Text Books:

1. B.S.Jai Prakash, R.Venugopal, Sivakumaraiah & Pushpa Iyengar., “Chemistry for Engineering Students”, Subhash Publications, Bangalore.
2.  R.V.Gadag & A.Nityananda Shetty., “Engineering Chemistry”, I K International Publishing House Private Ltd. New Delhi.
3.  P.C.Jain  &  Monica  Jain.,“Engineering  Chemistry”,  Dhanpat  Rai Publications, New Delhi.

Reference Books:

1.  O.G.Palanna,“Engineering Chemistry”,Tata McGraw Hill Education Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi, Fourth Reprint.
2.  G.A.Ozin & A.C. Arsenault, “Nanochemistry A Chemical Approach to Nanomaterials”, RSC publishing, 2005.
3.  “Wiley Engineering Chemistry”, Wiley India Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi. Second Edition.
4.  V.R.Gowariker, N.V.Viswanathan & J.Sreedhar., “Polymer Science”, Wiley- Eastern Ltd.
5.  M.G.Fontana., “Corrosion Engineering”, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.

All the Best ..!!